The resilience of the Lebanese port sector has proven to be low. The impact of the ongoing economic crisis, the COVID …-19 pandemic, and the Port of Beirut (PoB) explosion has traumatized the sector and exposed its weaknesses and inabilities … economy while opportunity costs are high given the recent port developments in the Eastern Mediterranean region and globally …

world over the last five years. The combined throughput of container terminals in the region reached almost 5 million twenty … additional port movements generated by transshipment in regional hub(s). Given the regional dynamics of ports in West Africa …, there is also a good case for more cooperation between West African countries on port reform, competition and regulation …

country's connectivity with world markets, encounters difficulties when it comes to facilitating international trade. Two of … dredging and port terminal operation concessions. At present, the contractual terms of these reforms are coming to an end, so …

using value-added and property taxes. The income tax rate is among the lowest in the world while most excise tax rates are …

a poor safety record. Logistics cost accounts for 24-53 percent of wholesale price, while shipping and port handling …, this is presently not the case. The domestic shipping industry is characterized by high costs, low quality of service, and … cost around 8 percent of wholesale price and 5 percent of retail price. Philippine domestic shipping is generally more …

liberalization is to help i) foster more competition in the domestic shipping industry, ii) reduce shipping cost, and iii) improve … efficiency, maritime services, and safety standards. These, together with complementary reforms in domestic shipping and ports … cabotage is organized as follows. Part one provides an overview of the domestic shipping industry and discusses the key issues …

, where relevant, key areas for future attention. The topics are: international shipping, gateway ports, domestic maritime … transport, four related sectors, cruise ship tourism, tuna fisheries, fossil fuel imports, and bulk shipping, natural disasters …

(World Bank, 2022)'. It provides more detail on, and analysis of, natural hazards in the Pacific affecting port … Note looks particularly at the experiences of 12 World Bank member countries, referred to collectively as the PIC12 … form the basis of port master planning, project design, asset management, and capital upgrade projects, as appropriate, to …