Indonesia has sustained robust growth over a long period, and this has enabled millions of citizens to move out of poverty. Indonesia's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen at an average 5 percent a year since 1990 and 5.3 percent a year after the Asian financial crisis at the end of the...

This note analyzes whether and how the country's rising urbanization levels (measured primarily by population density) are associated with nonfarm job creation and poverty reduction. By focusing on Rwanda's 416 geographic sectors for the decade from 2002 and 2012, the analysis shows that,...

This report focuses on the trends of adolescent and youth well-being in Tanzania, identifying how and why well-being has or has not changed over time. The report conceptualizes well-being holistically. Well-being can be defined as one's ability and opportunity to learn, make decisions, live a...

This paper is the first joint country study conducted by the United Nations and the World Bank aimed at translating into practice the principles of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2250, through direct and local engagement with young people and their communities in one of...

Promoting early labor market success of workers has increasingly become an important economic and social development aim internationally, as exemplified by the 2030 United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals related to youth employment. Many low-income countries, including Nepal, are in...

The analysis presented in this study points to persistent and high numbers in Georgia and Armenia of youth who are jobless and/or economically inactive and with limited access to learning and/or training opportunities, and these figures are among the highest in the ECA region. As many as 31...

Demand-driven training (DDT) and results-based contracting (RBC) are two mechanisms used to enhance the effectiveness and impact of skill training programs. DDT links skills development explicitly with the job market, typically through employer engagement. Private sector employers define what...

Afghanistan has one of the youngest populations in the world, with two-thirds of the population being below the age of 25. Afghan youth are critical to the development of their country and have the potential to be drivers of peace and prosperity. However, they face various barriers to...

The report provides the first primary research conducted in Tajikistan by the World Bank Group (WBG) to analyze the youth, gender and local dimensions of radicalization and recruitment by VE groups, helping fill a gap in such analysis and evidence. It is based on qualitative research conducted...

Today, nearly half of youth in the six South East European countries (SEE6) are not in the labor market, and one quarter is inactive-not in employment, education, or training. These poor outcomes partly reflect a difficult recovery in SEE6 from the 2008 global financial crisis, which sent...