Several key policy documents guiding the broader education sector to align with European Union (EU) standards have recently been adopted in Serbia. However, a range of challenges have made it difficult for new policies and the systems they propose to be implemented. The gap between policy...

This report sheds light on the extent to which earnings mobility and inequality of opportunity in access to the labor market have contributed to the increase in earnings inequality in Mauritius. Among the most important concerns about rising inequality is a situation where people become trapped...

Niger earns its foreign exchange mainly from uranium and gold, which has limited domestic economic linkages. Distant second, livestock export also provide important revenue to the country. Overall, most of the labor force is employed in a low productivity and shock prone rainfed agricultural...

This report provides an up-to-date, holistic reference on the state of women in Lebanon against the broader perspective of general development outcomes while taking into consideration the multiple crises the country is facing. The report presents a data-driven analysis of three key dimensions of...

This poverty assessment aims to inform poverty-focused policymaking in Chad. The report examines recent trends in poverty, inequality, and other social indicators and identifies key constraints on poverty reduction. Although agriculture, pastoralism, and related activities provide livelihoods...

Over the last sixty years, Ireland has experienced profound economic, social, technological, occupational, cultural, and demographic changes. It has emerged from the most recent economic crisis stronger than ever and remains committed to its vision of a nation of people armed with the relevant...

The economy of the Central African Republic (CAR) decelerated in 2020 compared to 2019. Despite a relatively contained health impact, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on the country's economy, with the disruption in global value chains, low external...

This is the second and last module of a programmatic Public Expenditure Review (PER). The programmatic PER is intended to support the Government of Malawi to analyze: 1) fiscal risks and sustainability; and 2) the efficiency and equity of public expenditure, particularly in human development...

This Approach Paper considers the role of public finance to build, protect and utilize human capital as countries seek to recover from the COVID-19 (coronavirus) crisis and lay a foundation for inclusive, resilient and sustainable development. The paper defines the problem in relation to human...