be enabling anticompetitive behavior. Limited market competition can stem from restrictive regulations or discretionary … regulations do not generate barriers to entry or distort the level playing field is necessary to enhance private sector …

's competitiveness. There are two pillars that sustain effective competition policy: (i) opening markets and removing anticompetitive … regulation; and (ii) effectively enforcing competition law. The main focus of this report is the identification of regulations …'s competitiveness and growth. This report contains results from a review of the regulatory framework in key areas identified using …

payments system (NPS) in virtually every country in the world. Recently, the issuance of central bank digital currency (CBDC …

This report is based on a study of the costs of retail payments in Kosovo, using a methodology (A Practical Guide for …, Competitiveness, and Innovation Global Practice. The study is based on survey data, with questionnaires administered to a sample of … Post Office on the supply side. The study aims to establish a sound economic baseline for the national retail payments …

This report is based on a study of the costs and savings of retail payments in Albania using a methodology (A Practical … Financial Inclusion, Infrastructure, and Access at the Finance, Competitiveness, and Innovation Global Practice. By applying … this methodology to Albania, the study aims to establish a sound economic baseline for the national retail payments system …

(BIS-IOSCO) 24 principles and analyzing the payments development in the Maldives, while emphasizing the importance of … undertaken by PSSOU and MMA to ensure an effective oversight on the national payments system (NPS) in the Maldives …

the problem of non-payments in the energy sector. …