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This document is intended to be used by technical and social science staff involved in planning and implementation of water and sanitation facilities for the poor. It may also be useful to social science researchers applying their craft to the low cost water supply and sanitation sector. With...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005639160
Scientific and technological knowledge is increasingly recognized as a keystone of economic growth and social development. This paper reviews the main components of policy reform strategies designed to increase the efficiency of investments in science and techbology, with specific reference to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005638726
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005639121
In the pre-reform period, agriculture was heavily subsidized in most Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). Around 1989, most CEECs began to open up their markets, liberalize prices, and reduce subsidies. At the same time, the level of support provided to agriculture declined...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005670036
While the Brazilian social protection system provides instruments to reduce the risk of destitution from old age and disability with broad coverage, protection against labor income shocks in Brazil remains segmented and largely depends on labor status and household composition. In 2019, nearly...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012700668
Uzbekistan has a unique opportunity to make early investments to 'green' its ambitious economic and market transition. A greener economic growth model in Uzbekistan, based on the sustainable and efficient use of natural and energy resources, would minimize pollution, reduce climate and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013209021
The science, technology, and innovation (STI) report provide analytical support for Vietnam's upcoming ten-year STI … innovation in Vietnam. As the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered economic shock continues to spread globally and its … impact deepens in Vietnam, the importance of technology adoption and innovation for business resilience as well as for …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012642776
The science, technology, and innovation (STI) report provide analytical support for Vietnam's upcoming ten-year STI … strengthened national innovation system (NIS) that will promote a more innovation-driven enterprise sector, and in turn lead to … globally and its impact deepens in Vietnam, the importance of innovation and technology adoption for business resilience as …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012642777
This study aims to explore ways in which key competencies of the oil and gas industry could be leveraged to support the diversification of the Chadian economy. The analysis focused on identifying opportunities and prioritizing core competencies in specific segments of the oil and gas value chain...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012642782
This report aims to deepen the understanding of barriers to and incentives for the acceptance and use of electronic payments, from the perspective of micro, small and medium retailers (merchants). Developing and accelerating acceptance of electronic payments by these merchants is essential to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012644350