The digitalization and development of new financial products accelerated by Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) crisis will transform drastically the financial sector of all countries in the following years. Consequently, this will also lead to the transformation of supervisory processes, which can be...

The paper advances a framework to take stock of CIT incentives across two interrelated policy objectives: stimulating investment in green sectors and processes; and/or encouraging divestment from dirty sectors. It distinguishes three categories of CIT incentives related to the green agenda: (i)...

This report is one of four analytical pieces on Ukraine's innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem developed by the World Bank's Ukraine Technical Assistance on Innovation, supported by the Swedish Ukraine Financial and Enterprise Sector Recovery and Growth Trust Fund. This report reviews...

R and D tax incentives (RDTIs) are among the most popular instruments that governments in both developing and developed economies employ to induce private investment in research and development (R and D). RDTIs can influence a host of development drivers: the quantity and quality of innovation,...

A year after the onset of Ebola, the estimated GDP losses for the three countries through 2015 total US$2.2 billion (US$240 million for Liberia, US$535 million for Guinea and US$1.4 billion for Sierra Leone). This is the result of the severe impact of the epidemic which has been exacerbated by...

After a period of rapid economic growth associated with high commodity prices, the region had entered a phase of lackluster performance. Recent developments, including a new oil price shock, and the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic will push the region into recession. Many countries are...

Trade can dramatically improve women's lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women's bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between...