Government of Vietnam on options for tobacco taxation by providing estimates of the impact of cigarette price increase across …-effectiveness analysis to examine the distributional impactof a 32 percent and a 62 percent increase in cigarette prices under Scenario A and … Scenario B,respectively. In conclusion, we found that higher cigarette prices would particularly benefit the poorest income …

leading causes of morbidity and mortality, but non-communicable diseases appear to be trending upward. Critical skills and …

environmental risk to health and the cause of morbidity and mortality from diseases such as ischemic heart disease, lung cancer … mortality and morbidity-from exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution in 2016. Using the estimates of mortality and morbidity … mortality and morbidity from exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution to be USD 5.7 trillion in 2016, equivalent to 4.8 percent …

- and middle-income countries are most affected by mortality and morbidity from air pollution. The death rate associated …