The note describes Namibia's approach to support domestic economic development via mandating investment of a percentage of the large pool of local institutional capital in alternative financing vehicles within the context of an underdeveloped capital market. Namibian approach diverges from...

The global housing deficit in both developed and developing countries is increasing - driven by demographic and other mega-trends including urbanization and income inequality. Global pension fund assets, on the other hand, are both growing and increasingly looking for long-term, productive...

Poland's capital markets can play a crucial supporting role to the ongoing economic development and efficient allocation of credit. Capital markets will become increasingly important to meet the long-term funding needs of strategic sectors, including large, medium and small entities. Expansion...

There are compelling reasons for asset owners - in particular large pension funds and sovereign wealth funds - to adopt sustainable investment, and for governments to support them in these endeavors. First, asset owners have a key role to play in providing the capital that supports national...

As one of the largest pension funds in Thailand, government pension fund (GPF) is fully aware of its importance as a universal owner and of its role supporting sustainable global values within the context of environmental, social, and governance (ESG). In 2018, GPF publicly announced its...

This report describes the ESG integration practices at GPF as a practical example of how a pension fund can integrate ESG considerations into its investment practices and processes. The report focuses on the incorporation of ESG issues into our investment analysis and decision-making process....

This paper analyzes the performance and development of the Mexican pension annuity market in Mexico that stemmed from the 1997 pension reform. The Mexican experience displays interesting characteristics that provide lessons for other countries that still need to design the decumulation phase of...

The objectives of a well-designed pension system are poverty reduction in old age and income smoothing throughout an individuals' lifetime. Over the last thirty years, changing demographic trends have caused a shift from 'pay as you go' and occupational defined benefit (DB) schemes - where the...

While Thailand's pension system is typically described as a multipillar pension scheme, its design is highly fragmented and offers adequate coverage only to a small segment of the population, including civil servants and high-income individuals. In its 2018 Article IV report, the IMF highlighted...