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thus less dependent on China's BRI overland corridors for trade, investment and growth. Nevertheless, the Georgian … government is investing in the one BRI corridor China, Europe route that passes through the Caucuses, partly because it provides … a faster route to China. The potential for larger volume of Chinese transit cargo on this route may also be attractive …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647285
Armenia is a small land-locked mountainous country with relatively difficult access to regional and global markets. The borders with Azerbaijan in the east and with Turkey in the southwest and west are closed. Only the borders with Georgia in the north and Iran in the south are open for trade...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647286
Uzbekistan is a resource-rich country with a relatively young population of 33 million, the largest in Central Asia. It is also a geographic pivot for the region, bordering all other Central Asian countries and Afghanistan, with transit connections in all directions. As a double landlocked...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647287
: importing goods through both formal and informal trade systems, mainly from China, and re-exporting (in few cases with some …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647288
Tajikistan is the poorest country in the region despite strong growth for nearly two decades; sustaining growth in future will need substantially higher growth in private investment and exports. Its per capita income (GNI) is close to USD 1,000 but nearly a third of its population, of around 9...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647289
Kazakhstan is an upper-middle income, resource rich country. Its ascent to upper-middle income status was propelled by rising oil production and booming oil prices which pushed the average annual rate to above 7 percent during 2000-2013. The halving of world oil prices and lower export demand...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647290
In China, changing demographics, rising incomes and shifting consumer preferences have resulted in an ever … others, 2014). The growing number of consumers in China, that are increasingly more affluent and educated, will continue … countries to increase their agricultural exports to China. As China places an important role on meeting its growing food needs …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012647056
Russia's economy experienced two shocks in 2014. On top of the structural crisis that began in 2012, Russia had to deal … with cyclical and idiosyncratic challenges to the economy. One of the new shocks illustrates Russia s integration into the … than halved between July and December 2014, giving Russia a terms-of-trade shock. The ruble lost 46 percent of its value …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012564478
underperforming. Currently, Russia uses just over half of registered agricultural lands (Uzun, 2017a). However, only 5-10 percent of … countries, as well as in Russia, come overwhelmingly from yield increases and not from increases in area. This report presents a … (chapter one). It then focuses on policies in the State Program for the Development of Agriculture in Russia, the types of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012603578
The Country Opinion Survey in Russia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how … stakeholders in Russia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments …, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Russia on 1) their views regarding the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013255235