This Policy Note focuses on distribution channels, the role they play in product diversification and costs, and how … regulation can promote competition in mutual funds (MFs) distribution. In many emerging market economics (EMEs) where both the … might enable retail investors to access a wider variety of products, potentially at lower costs, and robo-advisors, which …

financial and competition regulation. There have been several surveys of regulatory responses. This note takes a step back, to … look at what the economic theory of banking and financial intermediation can tell us about how technology may drive … intermediation, including asymmetric information, uncertainty, incomplete markets, and fixed and variable costs of production. The …

financial stability. Banking regulation and oversight have improved over the last decade, but a number of important shortcomings …

whether and how their regulation could affect the use of two debt financing instruments in EMEs, project bonds, and …