The aim of this note is to present and analyze subnational fiscal trends in Russia in the context of overall slowing economic growth and falling oil prices over the last few years. In particular, in 2015, GDP fell by 3.7 percent. Despite efforts to cut expenditures, the federal deficit increased...

A sharp global growth slowdown and concerns about an impending global recession are weighing on commodity prices. Some energy prices remain elevated, however, amid geopolitical tensions and persistent supply disruptions. Brent crude oil prices are forecast to average $92/bbl in 2023 and ease to...

Chile has fairly developed payment, clearing, and settlement infrastructures. Sistema liquidacion bruta en tiempo real (real time gross settlement) (LBTR) is largely compliant with the principles for financial market infrastructures (PFMI), and is sound from an operations perspective. ComBanc...