for 42 percent of the world's land mass but its population is less than 1.9 percent of the world's population. In addition … major city in the world, recording temperatures as low as minus 64.4 Degree Celsius). A sequence of shocks that hit the …

The purpose of this policy note is to present reform options on cabotage liberalization. The goal of cabotage … liberalization is to help i) foster more competition in the domestic shipping industry, ii) reduce shipping cost, and iii) improve … of cabotage, the cost and benefit of cabotage liberalization, and the cabotage regimes of the Philippines and of selected …

capital markets and the MFs have reached certain level of development, distribution channels are dominated by banks and their …

This note outlines barriers to competition in product markets based primarily on the screening of Serbian regulations … collected by the World Bank Group and comparative data for other countries collected by the OECD. To ensure comparability across … and WBG Markets and Competition Policy Team and the primary data has been collected in collaboration with more than 30 …

, associated with differences in the quality of country-level institutions that shaped the absorption and response to these shocks … sharing of that growth, and its resilience. Part two looks closer at a key aspect of resilience: what are the key institutions … global financial crisis of 2008 and the euro crisis of 2012, because of the quality of institutions. This report finds that …