At the end of the 1980s, C.te d.Ivoire entered a deep macroeconomic crisis that put an end to the often-praised .Ivorian miracle.. After the death of the founding father Houphouet-Boigny, unrestrained political competition added to bad economic conditions

This paper describes the very different role played by female elites in contemporary developing countries, as compared to the ‘early’ industrializing countries of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. It shows that women are far more important in business and politics in today’s...

This study provides evidence that culture understood as values and beliefs moves very slowly. Despite massive institutional change, values and beliefs in transition countries have not changed much over the last 20 years. Evidence suggests that culture is affected by the long run historical past,...