Leniency programs as a tool for cartel detection and cartel destabilization, have been implemented since the early … nineties. Theoretical work has shown that leniency programs can be effective in enhancing cartel detection and deterrence, but …. Empirical evidence shows that the positive effect on cartel deterrence seems to dominate, but cannot provide definite evidence …

We hypothesize a particular source of cartel instability and explore its relevance to understanding cartel dynamics …. The cartel instability is rooted in the observation that, upon cartel formation, the relative positions of firms are often … fixed which may lead some growthconscious members to be discontent. This incongruity between a cartel member's allocated …