venture capital (VC) financing. We argue that investors are faced with considerable uncertainty and therefore rely on patents … British biotechnology companies we have identified all patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO). Applying hazard rate … attention to patent quality, financing those ventures faster which later turn out to have high-quality patents. Patent …

firms, taking into consideration the role played by in-licensing of IP. We find that firms facing more fragmented IP … landscapes have a higher probability of in-licensing. For firms with small patent portfolios we also find a positive association … between fragmentation and licensing costs as a share of sales. We observe a negative relationship between IP fragmentation and …

start applying for patents on technologies which are not yet mature in order to cover ideas that may eventually turn … single mature technologies is initiated and accelerated when network effects are present or patents exhibit a blocking …

into consideration the role played by in-licensing of IP. Controlling for a variety of firm and market characteristics, we … find that firms facing more fragmented IP landscapes are more likely to report expenditures on in-licensing and for those … firms that do incur license costs we find a weak positive association between licensing expenditure and fragmented IP rights …

ownership and the threat of a firm's patent applications being blocked by competitors' patents lead to increased patenting and … inlicensing activity. In this paper, we investigate the effect of expected blocking on firms' engagement in in- and out-licensing …. Based on a sample of more than 400 German manufacturing firms our results show that firms engage in in- and out-licensing if …

academic patents protect more basic inventions than corporate patents. This study provides new evidence on the basicness of … academic patents using German professor patents linked to patent opposition data from the European Patent Office (EPO). Patent … oppositions are the most important mechanism by which the validity of patents filed at the EPO can be challenged. Controlling for …

assignee and which are owned by corporate entities. Our findings suggest that faculty patents assigned to corporations exhibit …. Faculty patents assigned to academic inventors or to public research institutions, in contrast, are more complex, more basic …

There is a growing literature that aims at assessing the private value of knowledge assets and patents. It has been … shown that patents and their quality as measured by citations received by future patents contribute significantly to the … forward citations patents can receive at the European Patent Office. While a patent can be cited as non-infringing state of …