differ. Functional flexibility is strongly positively associated with product innovations. In contrast, numerical flexibility … allows firms to ?buy? innovations in the short run, but reduces innovative capacity in the longer run. …

need to fully understand the competitiveness implications of these decisions on industrial sectors. In this paper, we …

Given the coexistent EU priorities concerning the competitiveness of European industries and international emissions … regulation at the company level, this paper assesses the efficiency and competitiveness implications of linking the EU Emissions … trade-based competitiveness effects of linking the European ETS crucially depend on the linked trading system: Although EU …

Ambitious unilateral EU environmental policy has raised concerns about adverse competitiveness implications for … competitiveness implications. The simulations further indicate that limited access to low-cost emission abatement via the CDM in the … EU ETS alleviates adverse competitiveness impacts to a comparable extent as the most ambitious BTA scheme. Increasing …

tends to have a detrimental effect on domestic competitiveness, and it leads to an increase in carbon emissions abroad … problems. However, BTA protects domestic competitiveness more effectively, while IET achieves a greater reduction in foreign … competitiveness of noncovered sectors are negative. These two effects constitute the central trade-off in the implementation of both …

This literature review analyses the impacts of the EU ETS on competitiveness focussing on existing simulation studies … relevant literature. We find, however, that effects of the scheme on competitiveness are modest, even given the business as … regulation methods ETSs can have positive competitiveness effects. However, the EU ETS is not designed to boost Europe?s economy …

We examine impacts of different types of environmental innovations on firm profits. Following Porter's (1991 …) hypothesis that environmental regulation can improve firms' competitiveness we distinguish regulation induced and voluntary … environmental innovations. We find that innovations which reduce environmental externalities reduce firms' profits, as long as they …

terms of output, investment, emissions and international competitiveness. We conclude that the successful realization of the …