in the presence of supra-national agreements such as EU 20-20-20. The potential for energy efficiency improvements in one … develops a general equilibrium analysis of increased efficiency in productive energy use, identifying a range of channels … efficiency in one nation does impact energy use in others. However, the sectoral and spatial distribution of positive and …

Export is an important factor to improve growth and welfare especially for industrialized small, open economies such as … Belgium. Policy may be interested in key variables that can influence export. This paper finds evidence for the importance of … R&D for export activities using Belgian firm-level data. To control for reverse causality, R&D-subsidy variables are …

in their expectations that the Euro will increase export activity and product innovation, but significantly more East … entering new markets and developing new products is stronger for firms which already export than for those who do not. Further …

political sphere is related to government performance – in terms of its efficiency – using a broad panel of German … municipalities. Our results suggest that voter involvement indeed has a positive impact on (technical) efficiency. Crucially, however …, this efficiency-enhancing effect of voter involvement is significantly (positively) affected by local governments? fiscal …

a sample of 1021 municipalities in the state of Baden-Württemberg). First, we consider local government cost efficiency …. This indicates that there is a substantial divergence in efficiency despite a homogeneous institutional setting, leaving at …

grandfathering of allowances. Besides having distributional impacts, the choice of the grandfathering scheme may affect efficiency if …

This paper analyses market efficiency and the role of the virtual location in digital markets using a data set …, which supports the hypothesis of enhanced market efficiency in electronic markets. Furthermore, the results show that an …