innovation is a crucial productivity driver, a potential crowding out of inventive efforts could increase the cost of mitigating …. However, we do not find negative effects on the number of ongoing R&D projects, investments in innovation-related fixed assets … or on the outcome of innovation projects. Likewise, for firms with subsidy-backed environmental innovations no crowding …

Although there seems to be consensus in the literature that venture capital investors increase the innovation output of … from seven European countries, we investigate which form of venture capital is most supportive of innovation. Our results … suggest that in companies financed by syndicates and by private venture capital investors, the innovation output increases …

This paper examines how productivity effects of human capital and innovation vary at different points of the …-skilled employees and industries in Germany by a more unequal distribution of human capital intensity. In Germany, average innovation … performance is higher in all industries, except for low-technology manufacturing, and in the Netherlands the innovation …

Buyer power is widely considered to decrease innovation incentives of suppliers. However, there is little empirical … evidence for this statement. Our paper analyses how buyer power influences innovation incentives of upstream firms while taking …