Deprived housing conditions have long been recognized as a source of poor health. Nevertheless, there is scant … empirical evidence of a causal relationship between housing and health. The literature identifies two different pathways by … which housing deprivation affects health, namely, neighborhood effects and the effects of the individual dwelling unit …

In this paper, we examine how parental health affects children's development of personality traits and problem behavior …. Based on a German mother-and-child data base, we draw on observed parental health shocks as a more exogenous source of … health variation to identify these effects and control for child and family characteristics including variables reflecting …

Self-productivity is a crucial feature in the process of skill formation. It means that skills and health acquired at … one stage in the life cycle enhance skills and health formation at later stages. This paper presents an empirical … over time. A one percent increase in birth weight increase child's noncognitive skills by 0.34 percent and child's health …

Self-productivity is a crucial feature in the process of skill formation. It means that skills and health acquired at … one stage in the life cycle enhance skills and health formation at later stages. This paper presents an empirical … over time. A one percent increase in birth weight increase child's noncognitive skills by 0.34 percent and child's health …

This paper examines the impact of outdoor and indoor pollution on children's health from birth until the age of three …. Secondly, we are able to follow the effect of pollution exposure on a child's health during the first three years of life … significantly negative impact for some pollutants on infant health during early childhood. In comparison to outdoor pollution …

-run delay in return to work, which might rationalize a negative causal health effect. Breaking down the results by mothers' pre …-birth health status suggests that the higher incidence of long-term sickness absence among the treated may be explained by the fact … that the reform has facilitated re-entry of a negative health selection into the labor market. …

We examine how parental health shocks affect children's non-cognitive skills. Based on a German mother-and-child data … base, we draw on significant changes in selfreported parental health as an exogenous source of health variation to identify … effects on outcomes for children at ages of three and six years. At the age of six, we observe that maternal health shocks in …

We analyze the effects of captive off-shoring of innovation activities on the firms' ability to adapt their … Community Innovation Survey to test our hypotheses. We find an inverted u-shape of innovation off-shoring on the effectiveness … of organizational adaptability, implying an optimal threshold value of innovation off-shoring. This value is 11% for …