output. Research units that source research ideas from small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) patent more, but not more …

of a sample of 678 professors at 46 higher education institutions in Germany shows that a higher share of industry … subsequent years. For patents, we find that industry funding increases their quality measured by patent citations. …

forward citations patents can receive at the European Patent Office. While a patent can be cited as non-infringing state of … the art, it can also be cited because it threatens the novelty of patent applications ('blocking citations'). Empirical …. This finding adds to the patent value literature by showing that different types of patent citations carry different …

publishing distinguishing between different types of patents for a large sample of professors active in Germany. Our results show …

in Deutschland auf Basis eines Mikrosimulationsmodells. Die fiskalischen Kosten betragen zwischen 464 Mio. und 5.701 Mio …

sample of 678 professors at 46 higher education institutions in Germany shows that a higher share of industry funding of a …. For patents, we find that industry funding increases their quality measured by patent citations. …

collaborative R&D projects in the firms' total R&D project portfolio. For a sample of 2,891 firms located in Germany, active in …

German firms from manufacturing and services sectors I show that the perceived effectiveness of patent protection positively …. However, this effect varies with the perceived patent protection effectiveness. If the perceived patent protection …

patent quantity is driven by knowledge exchange rather than joint R&D. Firms engaged in joint R&D, on the other hand, receive … more forward citations per patent indicating that joint R&D enhances patent quality. In light of literature on strategic …

-up threats. Backward references in firm's patent portfolio indicate potential technology suppliers. I find a negative effect of … ownership fragmentation on investments related to innovation for firms with small patent portfolios. Hold-up threats are … between downstream firms and upstream patentees negatively affect investments in innovation for firms with large patent …