The record of aid to fragile and poorly-performing states is the real test of aid effectiveness. Rich countries can justify aid to fragile states both through altruism and self-interest. But, with some exceptions, donors have appeared at the wrong times and with the wrong attitudes, even...

Productive employment generation is an important objective in most of the developing countries this motivation has probably induced firms to adopt capital intensive techniques. Based on the country specific data on the manufacturing sector in select developing countries the argument of high cost...