the labor force participation of younger persons in twelve countries. We found no evidence that increasing the employment … of older persons will reduce the employment opportunities of youth and no evidence that increasing the employment of … employment circumstances of older workers. We find that these "exogenous" reforms can have a very large effect on the labor force …

: generating a sufficient number of jobs at reasonable wages to absorb their rapidly growing populations into productive employment … of the principal effects of population growth on labor supply and employment in the developing economies of the world. On … population growth, labor supply, employment shifts, and growth of output per worker are presented and discussed.The key result of …