I apply a new single-pass CAPM methodology for assessing systematic risk to all ASX stocks which indicates that securities which pay franking credits in Australia appear to face far less systematic risk than do stocks that never pay franking credits. But in this context, this apparent reduction...

We study the independence ratio, as well as the prestige, reputational incentives, experience, and financial expertise of independent directors for 767 U.S. banks from 2000 to 2015, to concentrate on causes of the subprime crisis: short-termism, poor monitoring, and excessive risk-taking. We...