international subsidiary locations and risk of U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs). We find that U.S. BHCs are more likely to operate …This study investigates the implications of cross-country differences in banking regulation and supervision for the … subsidiaries in countries with weaker regulation and supervision and that such location decisions are associated with elevated BHC …

The Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System is a large, complex, and understudied government-sponsored liquidity facility … provides evidence about the uses of these funds by their bank and thrift members. We then identify the trade-offs faced by FHLB … the respective roles of the various liquidity facilities would be helpful. …

This paper examines the role of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System in the U.S. housing finance system. This … System as a provider of subsidized general liquidity to its members, including the very largest commercial banking …

increase with size. Based on a model that appropriately accounts for endogenous risk-taking and controls for any cost … systemic risk that large scale may impose on the financial system. However, if public policy considerations imply that society … them. Avoiding the restrictions could thereby push risk-taking outside of the more regulated financial sector without …

, a bank is able to reduce the cost of debt by splitting it into a junior and a senior tranche, sold to institutional and …

to undertake excessive risk. It has responded by strengthening regulation and supervision. Others have located the … and augmentation of regulation and supervision, which it envisions as preventing excessive risk taking by large financial …) are widely recognized as encouraging large companies to take excessive risk, placing smaller ones at a competitive …

system dominate current legislative proposals; these would strengthen supervision and regulation. Other kinds of reform … financial companies are viewed as serving a unique public purpose, then improved supervision and regulation would not … reduction for the largest financial companies. At a minimum, bank merger policy that has, over the last several decades …