the beta catch-up and sigma convergence to compare dispersions in output per worker, total factor productivity and ….70% per annum with corresponding time to full catch-up of 25.38 years and 26.01 years respectively. Third, we find sigma-convergence …

indicators could support both endogenous and neoclassical growth theories in the convergence debate. This paper investigates … convergence in real per capita GDP and inequality adjusted human development in 38 African countries, disaggregated into 10 … is that the income component of the human development index moves slower than others in the convergence process and thus …

We use U.S. county-level data to estimate convergence rates for 22 individual states. We find significant heterogeneity …. E.g., the California estimate is 19.9 percent and the New York estimate is 3.3 percent. Convergence rates are …