The trilogy among economic growth, social capital (SC), and financial development is exami ned based on three hypotheses: first, SC is important in the finance-growth nexus. Second, th ere is a threshold effect of SC in the finance-growth nexus. Third, the SC-finance-growth tril ogy depends on...

Resource abundance characterizes economies within the MENA region from North Africa to the Middle East. As such, to improve financial development (FD) for regional economic sustainability, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the roles of natural resources abundance and institutional...