-run regression results. Bi-directional causality is observed between pollutant emissions, electricity consumption, economic growth … growth, urbanization, electricity consumption, fossil fuel energy consumption, and total natural resources rent on pollutant … methodology (ARDL-PMG) for long run regression while Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) is employed for the detection of causality …

) consumption. A unidirectional causality from urbanization to electricity consumption and economic growth was found but the long …In this era of intensive electricity utilization for economic development, the role of urbanization remains … inconclusive, especially in developing economies. Here, this study examined the electricity consumption and economic growth nexus …

The study explores the link between electricity consumption, urbanization and economic growth in Nigeria from 1971 …-2014. The bounds test and the Bayer and Hanck (2013) cointegration tests affirm cointegrating relationship. Electricity … findings. The vector error correction model (VECM) Granger causality test supports the neutrality hypothesis in the short run …

-run Granger causality are employed. Usage of optimally specified econometric methods in contradiction to purely discretionary …

corresponding short-run Granger causality analysis and the long-run 'physical capital led investment' nexus are consistent with the …

perspectives of vector error correction and short-run Granger causality are used. Findings - In the long-run population growth will …