The importance of democratization in Africa heighted at the end of the Cold War while also making aid flow a salient feature in the democratization process. As well as encouraging development, many scholars maintain that aid flow has also promoted democratization. Some scholars argue that aid...

While officials involved in graft, bribery, extortion, nepotism, or patronage typically like to keep their deeds private, the fact that corruption can have serious effects in democracies is no secret. Numerous scholars have brought into the limelight the impact of corruption on a range of...

How is government spending used strategically in the emergent Asian democracies of South Korea and Taiwan? As nations generally considered to have weathered democratization, a study of government spending in South Korea and Taiwan is instructive on how allocations may be used strategically...

Recent research has found that economic liberalization undermines democracy in the short-term, while reinforcing it over the long run, producing a J-curve relationship between economic liberalization and democracy. The widespread belief that economic liberalization demobilizes societal actors is...

War is an exogenous shock – allowing opportunities for vast changes in the political landscape or solidifying changes underway. War played a significant role as a catalyst that moved France (and then other countries in Europe) toward citizen armies in the nineteenth century. This was an...

The quality of a political system, and especially of a direct-democratic one, lies in the quality of the decisions citizens take. As some authors argue, this can be measured through the overall presence of "correct voting", namely the fact that even uninformed citizens can mimic the choice of...

The paper explores how politicians in established democracies respond to election outcome in terms of attitudinal system support. While current research is dominated by a disappointed loser perspective, it argues that a morally based voluntary acceptance perspective adds insight about the forces...

This paper examines affordable housing politics and policy in Minneapolis over the past two decades. Overall, local government has been responsive to local public opinion on this issue. But this resposniveness has not enabled the city to successfully meet the demand for affordable housing for...

Federal principles, if reduced to fundamental attributes, are concerned with the combination of self-rule and shared-rule. The actual equilibrium of self- and sharedrule, however, is a complex and contingent question, and scholars of federalism generally adopt various sets of criteria in which...