The political salience of ethnicity in Africa is well-established, but these identities are by no means the sole determiners of individuals’ political preferences and behaviors, either. Substantial variation exists within and between countries in terms of individuals’ likelihood of voting...

When do armed groups choose to engage in or disengage from ethnic conflicts? In this paper, I argue that variation in sources of funding (from donation or taxation) can help to explain the strategic decisions by armed groups to fight or not fight in ethnic conflicts. I also argue that the...

This paper presents the results of experiments that test the effects of religious and national identities on behavior across ethnic lines. In the study, 360 subjects in two Indonesian provinces were subtly and randomly exposed to visual cues for nationalism, Islam or a neutral control and then...

Why in some cases do we observe an increase in ethnic violence following a democratic transition, while in others violence dissipates? We argue that a crucial intervening variable that is often ignored in ethnic conflict studies is the nature and number of organizations that purport to represent...