age 25 for East and West German youths: non-employment (i.e., unemployment or out of the labor force), permanent fulltime …

aggregate unemployment. Our evidence supports counter-cyclical teenage fertility. …

This paper studies the association between the unemployment experience of fathers and their sons. Based on German … and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offsprings' employment … intergenerational unemployment transmission. This outcome is robust to alternative data structures and to tests at the intensive and …

market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and …