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When the longest-serving African dictator, Togo's Gnassingbé Eyadéma, died unexpectedly in February 2005 after 38 years … of autocratic rule, Togo became a test case for indigenous democratisation efforts of African states. However, it soon … democratic forces of Togo at the time of the execution of fair and free elections. Afterwards a long-term reconstruction …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005790182
Backed by peaceful but undemocratic presidential (2010) and legislative (July 2013) elections the Gnassingbé regime consolidated its power. In view of the absolute majority of the ruling party, its inclination for meaningful constitutional and electoral reforms, as demanded by the opposition...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011240406
The knowledge of social stratification within the peasantry is a decisive precondition of sustainable economic and political measures for an effective support of agricultural production in least developed countries. This is one of the reasons why also in Nigeria social scientist focus on the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011327899
The traditional relationship of patronage and clientship between the landlords and the growing commercial class in Bida and in other Nigerian Emirates - firmly established during the 19th century - left indelible marks which influenced the pattern of social communication between these two...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011327900
The globalized Western culture of innovation, as propagated by major aid institutions, does not necessarily lead to empowerment or improvement of the well-being of the stakeholders. On the contrary, it often blocks viable indigenous innovation cultures. In African societies and African Diasporas...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014056699