Abstract Many low-income countries (LICs) are integrated into apparel global value chains (GVCs) through foreign direct investment (FDI). This is also the case in Lesotho, which developed into the largest Sub-Sahara African (SSA) apparel exporter to the US under the African Growth and...

Abstract Over the past decade, several Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have developed or expanded export-oriented apparel industries in the context of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA) quotas and preferential market access, most importantly under the African Growth and Opportunity Act...

This paper examines the evolution of the capitalist labor process. The inherited Fordist structure involves the specialization and deskilling of work, the standardization of output, and the application of F. W. Taylor's top-down managerial approach. Through a case study of the Japanese car...