Feedback mechanisms are the key to sequencing when it comes to regional integration. Feedback mechanisms can mean that today’s policy or institution alters the political economy landscape in a way that makes it politically optimal for future governments to take further steps towards...

Broadly speaking, European integration affects growth by stimulating the accumulation of physical capital and/or knowledge capital (i.e. technology). This paper surveys existing empirical work on integration and growth concluding that there is strong evidence that trade liberalization promotes...

This paper addresses the final steps to global free trade – what they might look like, what sort of political economy forces might drive them, and what the WTO might do to guide them. Two facts form the point of departure: 1) Regionalism is here to stay; world trade is regulated by a motley...