In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture, circa the late 1980s, of occupational gender segregation in Canada and its consequences for wages. Our analysis reveals sensitivity of the estimated penalty to "female work" to both specification and estimation strategy. Our preferred estimates...

Exploiting differences across U.S. states, this paper demonstrates that there is a tight link between higher education policies, past enrollment rates, and recent changes in the college wage premium among labor market entrants. The analysis reveals, however, that this relationship is much weaker...

Universality is a hallmark of Canadian social policy for very young children. The evidence base for these policies is small, non-experimental, and offers mixed results. In contrast, the evidence base for targeted early childhood interventions is largely experimental and offers strong guidance....

We document the application of pro-active pay equity legislation to the private sector of the Canadian province of Ontario in the early 1990s. We report substantial lapses in compliance among smaller firms where the majority of men and women work. We also find that the pay equity law had no...

The authors examine the male/female earnings differential between 1970 and 1990. Their objective is to provide consistent estimates that can be compared and interpreted over time, and to assess the sensitivity of their results to alternative specifications. The authors find that women made...

Canada has a large Income Security system for retirement that provides significant and widely varying disincentives to work at older ages.We provide an empirical analysis of the retirement incentives of the Canadian Income Security system using a newadministrative database.We find that the work...