In this paper I discuss the modeling of the yield in discrete time. The popular Nelson-Siegel model and the Vasicek-factors model are presented in the same framework then it is simple to compare them.

The model proposed by Nelson and Siegel (1987) has been used for several researcher to fit the yield curve. In this paper we propose a discrete-time version of that model by using dynamic factors, such that the model is dynamic in the sense proposed by Diebold and Li (2006). We found the exact...

This paper introduces alternative measurements that use additional information of prices during the day: opening, minimum, maximum, and closing prices. Using the binomial model as the distribution of the stock price we prove that these alternative measurements are more efficient than the...