Mean-variance investing is all about diversification. Diversification considers assets holistically and exploits the interaction of assets with each other, rather than viewing assets in isolation. Holding a diversified portfolio allows investors to increase expected returns while reducing risks....

We propose a new holding horizon measure of active management and examine its relation with fund performance. Our measure identifies long-horizon funds as having higher future long-term alphas and owning stocks with superior long-term fundamentals. Such funds supply skills, but these skills only...

Factor investing asks: how well can a particular investor weather hard times relative to the average investor? Answering helps her reap long-run factor premiums by embracing risks that lose money during bad times, but make up for it the rest of the time with attractive rewards. When factor...

American university and college endowments now hold close to one-third of their portfolios in private equity and hedge funds. We estimate the implied beliefs of endowments about alternative assets' returns relative to equities and bonds. At the end of 2012, the typical endowment believes that...

We consider a consumption and investment problem where an investor¡¯s investment opportunity gets enlarged when she becomes rich enough, i.e., when her wealth touches a critical level. We derive optimal consumption and investment rules assuming that the investor has a time-separable von...