Variation in household survey design and implementation is used to obtain evidence of nonrandom measurement error in recall surveys of household expenditure. These surveys, which are used especially in developing countries, appear to have measurement errors in food expenditures and in food...

Variation in household survey design and implementation is used to obtain evidence of nonrandom measurement error in recall surveys of household expenditure. These surveys, which are used especially in developing countries, appear to have measurement errors in food expenditures and in food...

Survey reports of zero expenditure result from either genuine non-consumption, or purchases undertaken too infrequently to observe during a survey, with hidden consumption from stocks. Infrequent purchase models rely on untested hypotheses to distinguish these types of zeros. We test such models...