The literature of international economy recognizes the importance of political factors over the national economy's performance and over the likelihood of external crises. Some recent studies analyze the impact of these factors over the financial crises and speculative attacks, but little has...

This paper aims at discussing critically Pérsio Arida’s proposal of adopting currency convertibility in Brazil. Arida (2003a, 2003b, 2004) points out that currency convertibility would make for lower interest rates in Brazil, as well as for lower interest rates for the Brazilian external...

In the last two decades the financial integration between countries arose. In consequence appeared questions on different degrees of autonomy of monetary politics of these countries. The traditional sight is that interest rate is determined by offer and demand of loaned funds and that the...

In recent years, Brazilian economic performance has been influenced by increasingly volatile financial flows and episodes of capital flight, which have occurred mainly due to external events, out of control or influence of the domestic monetary authorities. This paper aims to measure the...

This article applies the smooth transition autoregressive nonlinear model (STAR) proposed by Granger and Terasvirta (1993) to the Brazilian real exchange rate (RER), aiming to test the validity of the purchasing power parity (PPP) to Brazil. Initially a review of Brazilian and international...

This paper evaluates the main impacts of the internationalization of Brazilian manufacturing on the pass-through coefficients during the second half of the nineties. Throughout this period the Brazilian exchange rate regime has dramatically changed. In addition, it has been possible to examine...

The theoretical and empirical international trade literature suggests that there is long-term valuation/devaluation of the real exchange rate in the developed/undeveloped economies. We argue that the real exchange rate is affected by: i) intercountry differentials of the services sector...

In countries where per capita income is high the price level is higher than the level observed in countries where per capita income is low. This phenomenon is associated with real exchange rate appreciation in the rich countries and with the real exchange rate depreciation in the poor countries,...