The factor of the earlier/later closing market, which appears in pairs of time series with non-synchronism problem exposure, may predetermine the results of the Granger causality test conducted on classic form. The shift in GMT timeline reverses the exposure of the market to the factor of...

The comparison was performed between Granger causality test results, based on the equations in classic and non-synchronism corrected forms applying the pairs of stock market indices with daily data non-synchronism problem. In contrast to the non-synchronism corrected form of the equation, the...