Biofuel policy in the United States sets minimum use mandates for different biofuels, but the cellulosic mandate, introduced in 2010 has been waived and reduced to nearly zero since then. This waiver has shifted the burden of compliance to other biofuels, but other options exist. We examine some...

Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) were developed to act as tracking mechanisms that ensure compliance with the U.S. biofuel use mandates legislated in 2005 and increased and adjusted to include sub-mandates in 2007. Reviewing the rules for RIN production and use, we conclude that RIN...