Experiencing a low socioeconomic status (SES) throughout the life course has been reported to be correlated with poor health outcomes. Several studies have suggested that income, wealth, and perceptions of economic status are associated with increased risk of death among elderly people. Few...

This is a follow-up paper arising from a World Health Organisation meeting which was held in Disley (near Manchester) in England in September 1984. The original paper for that conference (Maynard (1984)) was revised as a result of comments perceived at the Disley meeting and circulated to...

This paper presents new evidence on the determinants of starting and quitting smoking using duration data from the British Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS). Self-reported data in individual smoking histories coupled with availability of a long time series for the tax rate on cigarettes are...

The appropriate technique for econometric analysis of WTP (willingness to pay) data is an issue which has not been addressed in many studies of WTP for health and health care. This paper argues that, whether an open-ended question or a payment scale approach is adopted, the way in which WTP is...

Previous studies have identified possible neighbourhood-level influences on the risk of injuries to preschool children, but none have had sufficient data at both household and area level to explain these neighbourhood effects. We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and...

A framework is outlined for testing empirically whether utilization of and access to public-sector GPs in Spain in 1993 was consistent with the twin criteria of horizontal and vertical equity, where these are defined with respect to need. Vertical (horizontal) inequities in access are assessed...

The Russian pharmaceutical sector is currently undergoing reform of the procurement, distribution and financing of medical drugs. The political imperatives underpinning these changes are wide ranging, and include the desire to protect local industry while benefiting from higher quality or less...

The access domain of the UK index of multiple deprivation (IMD) 2000 was designed to identify populations in small areas with poor geographical access to certain local key services. The measure is a composite of straight line distances to post offices, large food shops, primary schools and...