Models that may appear to have different properties may in fact produce residuals that differ only in subtle ways. By analysing the relationships between model residuals the problems in distinguishing between models can perhaps be discovered, as illustrated by the econometric examples...

A spurious regression occurs when a pair of independent series, but with strong temporal properties, are found apparently to be related according to standard inference in an OLS regression. Although this is well known to occur with pairs of independent unit root processes, this paper finds...