There are in the literature many different formulae and methodologies for deriving and decomposing Gini coefficients. Needless to say, different methodologies have their own advantages and limitations. Some Gini formulae are unnecessarily complicated and impractical. Some are biased estimators...

After joining the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in December 2001, China was given 5 years to completely open up its banking market for international competition. Chinese banks have been renowned for their mounting nonperforming loans and low efficiency. Despite gradual reforms, the banking...

China has achieved high economic growth for a prolonged period of time. Academic researchers have tried alternative explanations for this miraculous growth. This study focuses on the effect of exports and foreign direct investments (FDI) on economic performance, using a large panel data set...