Hall (1978) has stimulated considerable controversy and empirical work on testing the validity of the permanent income hypothesis (PIH). Much of this work is on the developed countries. In the developing countries per capita incomes show larger fluctuations and for the majority, opportunities...

This article estimates using the Bayesian methods a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production function for Singapore for 1960--2009. It is found that the elasticity of substitution is 0.6, technical progress is labour augmenting and the Steady-State Growth Rate (SSGR) of Singapore is...

This article analyses possible targets for the Italian debt-to-GDP ratio with a small macroeconomic model. The role of international macroeconomic variables such as the US GDP growth, prices of raw materials, EUR/USD exchange rate and European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy stance and...

The trend growth rate of the Italian economy has been declining since the 1980s. To examine how to offset this trend, we estimate a simple specification of an endogenous growth model. Cointegrating equations for the long-run output growth and its determinants are estimated with alternative time...

It is shown that the variables in the demand for money in India are unit root variables. Therefore the long- and short-run money demand functions are estimated using cointegration methods and error correction formulation. It is found that the long-run income and interest rate elasticities are...

This article estimates Total Factor Productivity (TFP) for Bangladesh and analyses its key determinants. According to the Solow (1956) growth model, long-run growth rate equals TFP. Estimated β-coefficients show that trade openness, foreign direct investment and development of financial sector...

New panel data estimates for the four East Asian Tigers show that the contribution of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) to growth is much higher than past estimates. An extended production function with learning by doing implies that TFP is about 3.5% and these countries will grow at this rate in...

It is argued that whether the need for unit roots and cointegration-based econometric methods is a methodological issue. An alternative is the econometrics of the London School of Economics (LSE) and Hendry approach based on the simpler classical methods of estimation. This is known as the...

The neoclassical growth model was extended by Mankiw et al. (1992) to estimate the level-effects of human capital. We suggest a further extension to capture their permanent growth-effects. Time-series data from Fiji are used to show that the growth-effects of human capital, although small, are...

In the extended Solow growth model of Mankiw et al. (1992), human capital has only permanent level and no growth effects. In the endogenous growth models human capital is a growth-improving variable. Human capital may have both a permanent level and a permanent growth effect, we show how both...