This article studies a long-run relationship between the labour-force participation rate and the unemployment rate in Japan. By using cointegration analysis, we demonstrate that there exists a long-run relationship between the two variables for male workers but not for female workers....

This article studies the contribution of inflow and outflow rates to the unemployment dynamics in the long-run. I find that both inflow and outflow rates contribute significantly to variation in the long-run trend in the unemployment rate in both the United States and Japan. In the United...