Hashemi, Rohallah; Nassar, Nashaat N.; Pereira Almao, Pedro - In: Applied Energy 133 (2014) C, pp. 374-387
With more than 170 billion barrels of estimated oil sands reserves in Canada, Canada has the third largest oil reserves in the world. However, more than 80% of oil sand’s reserves are located deep underground and could not be accessed by surface mining. Nonetheless, a number of in-situ...