Energy management system (EMS) within buildings has always been one of the main approaches for an automated demand side management (DSM). These energy management systems are supposed to increase load flexibility to fit more the generation from renewable energies and micro co-generation devices....

Although demand response (DR) potentially brings miscellaneous advantages, it is currently faced with challenges in its implementation due to customers’ difficulty in manually responding to the time-varying prices. This paper presents an optimal and automatic residential load commitment (LC)...