Using a simultaneous equation model initially developed by Shrieves and Dahl this article shows that Japanese banks in comparison to European banks, have focused on factors other than those that impact on bank safety levels. This has left Japanese banks in a vulnerable position with respect to...

This article takes the position that there have been significant costs attached to global banking financial integration and these costs were identified in a period prior to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis revealed by the analysis of daily country banking index data from December 1999 to...