quantify the impact of recent pension reforms in Germany. At certain ages households may either apply for disability pensions … (DP) or old-age pensions (OAP), de-pending on eligibility rules and the generosity of the two programs. Our policy …

unanimously declines due to the general equilibrium effects of lower aggregate savings, and welfare losses amount to approximately … to finance pensions at the present level beyond the year 2050 …

all EU member countries. This paper focuses on the taxation of Dutch pensions and identifies two classes of problems that … challenge the suitability of deferred pension taxation. First, cash flow taxation of pensions erodes the tax equity objectives …' current system of deferred income taxation of pensions with a frontloaded expenditure tax system …