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Pollution, infectious disease, and mortality : evidence from the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic
Clay, Karen; Lewis, Joshua; Severnini, Edson R. - 2015
This paper uses the 1918 influenza pandemic as a natural experiment to examine whether air pollution affects susceptibility to infectious disease. The empirical analysis combines the sharp timing of the pandemic with large cross-city differences in baseline pollution measures based on coal-fired...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011347213
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Coal, smoke, and death : bituminous coal and American home heating
Barreca, Alan I.; Clay, Karen; Tarr, Joel A. - 2014
due to the burning of bituminous coal for heat. We estimate the effects of this bituminous coal consumption on mortality … within-state changes in mortality in non-winter months as an additional control group. Our estimates suggest that reductions … in the use of bituminous coal for heating between 1945 and 1960 decreased winter all-age mortality by 1.25 percent and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010250025
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Mortality inequality : the good news from a county-level approach
Currie, Janet M.; Schwandt, Hannes - 2016
at age 40 to 50. However, we show that among infants, children, and young adults, mortality has been falling more quickly … in poorer areas with the result that inequality in mortality has fallen substantially over time. This is an important … that today's children are likely to face considerably less inequality in mortality as they age than current adults. We also …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011458800
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Are COVID fatalities in the US higher than in the EU, and if so, why?
Aparicio Fenoll, Ainoa; Grossbard-Shechtman, Shoshana - 2020
The COVID crisis has severely hit both the United States and the European Union. Even though they are the wealthiest regions in the world, they differ substantially in economic performance, demographic characteristics, type of government, health systems, and measures undertaken to counteract...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012290644
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Is the cure worse than the disease? : county-level evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Amuedo Dorantes, Catalina; Kaushal, Neeraj; Muchow, … - 2020
Using county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of … mortality. Our estimates suggest that advancing the date of NPI adoption by one day lowers the COVID-19 death rate by 2 … lower non-COVID mortality, suggesting that these measures slowed contagion and the pace at which the healthcare system might …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012290764
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What explains cross-city variation in mortality during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic? : evidence from 438 U.S. cities
Clay, Karen; Lewis, Joshua; Severnini, Edson R. - 2019
uses newly assembled historical data on annual mortality across 438 U.S. cities to explore the determinants of pandemic … mortality. We assess the role of three broad factors: i) pre-pandemic population health and poverty, ii) air pollution, and iii … the distribution of pre-pandemic infant mortality had 21 excess deaths per 10,000 residents in 1918 relative to cities in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011985935
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Fair long-term care insurance
Leroux, Marie-Louise; Pestieau, Pierre; Ponthiere, Gregory - 2019
The study of optimal long-term care (LTC) social insurance is generally carried out under the utilitarian social criterion, which penalizes individuals who have a lower capacity to convert resources into well-being, such as dependent elderly individuals or prematurely dead individuals. This...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012024401
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Premature deaths, accidental bequests and fairness
Fleurbaey, Marc; Leroux, Marie-Louise; Pestieau, Pierre; … - 2017
While little agreement exists regarding the taxation of bequests in general, there is a widely held view that accidental bequests should be subject to a confiscatory tax. We propose to reexamine the optimal taxation of accidental bequests in an economy where individuals care about what they...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011778698
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Was the first public health campaign successful? : the tuberculosis movement and its effect on mortality
Anderson, D. Mark; Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Olivares, … - 2017
systematic fashion. Using newly digitized mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900-1917, we explore the … requirement was associated with a 6 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality, while the opening of a state-run sanatorium was … associated with an almost 4 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality. However, these and other anti-TB measures can explain, at …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011621424
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The gift of a lifetime : the hospital, modern medicine, and mortality
Hollingsworth, Alex; Karbownik, Krzysztof; Thomasson, … - 2022
. In this paper, we explore how access to the hospital and modern medicine affects mortality. We do so by leveraging a …-supported hospital reduced infant mortality by 10%, saving one life for every $20,000 (2017 dollars) spent. Effects were larger for Black … infants (16%) than for White infants (7%), implying a reduction in the Black-White infant mortality gap by one-third. We show …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013454014